Сборник типовых заданий ЕГЭ английский язык по темам

Автор: Вайс Александра Юрьевна

Организация: РЖД Лицей № 4

Населенный пункт: Челябинская область, г. Челябинск

Место проживания + деньги УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 1 - Задание 1 (аудирование) Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7 . Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. I need to be disciplined as it is important for my relative's health. 2. Thanks to my household chores I become more disciplined. 3. There is one household chore that is my least favourite. 4. I'm never pleased with the duties I have to perform at home. 5. Responsibility makes me glad, but sometimes irritates me. 6. Doing the housework is pleasant and relaxing for me. 7. I'm pleased to get used to being responsible. Ответы: 751263 ТЕКСТ АУДИРОВАНИЯ: Speaker A: My parents believe I should get used to being more responsible. They have been considering an idea to change my daily routine somehow for a long time. They ended up giving me a dog! Now I'm getting accustomed to getting up early in the morning in order to walk and feed my dog, as well as looking after her. I am very happy with this responsibility I can say! Speaker B: Since I have two younger sisters, I am often asked to look after them. In such moments, I feel like an adult — serious and responsible. It makes me feel really pleased and proud. You know, not all my peers can boast that they have been entrusted to babysit. However, I am often obliged to spend all my leisure time taking care of my sisters. Not being able to do what I want sometimes frustrates me. Speaker C: My mum is allergic to dust; thus, it is very important in our family to wet clean and dust the furniture daily. That's not difficult, because our flat has little upholstered furniture and no carpets. Mum avoids doing the hoovering, as it is harmful to her health, but she sometimes asks me to do it. I try to do the most careful daily cleaning at home so that my mother feels better. Speaker D: I really love various flowers and plants; thus, I have a real greenhouse in my room. It's not so easy to look after flowers. It's necessary not only to water them, but also to trim, spray and keep them hydrated, though not too much. The flowers and plants have many advantages. They make my room look more cosy, while the necessity to take care of them makes me more disciplined and reasonable. Speaker E: As for me, I am really keen on doing various household chores. So, it is not only a necessary part of my life. You may not believe me, but this is a real hobby for me. I like to see my room get clean right in front of my eyes, for me it is a sort of relaxation. Therefore, I absolutely don't need to be forced to clean my room like some of my friends. Speaker F: I have to admit that I hate cooking, which is perhaps my most hated household chore. The reason is that after cooking, you are obliged to wash the dishes, and I am not fond of it at all. We don't have a dishwasher, and my mum won't let me leave the dishes unwashed. Until we get a dishwasher, I will probably never like cooking dinner. УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 2 - Задание 1 (аудирование) Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7 . Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. 1. I don't hate doing the cleaning as it makes you feel the home atmosphere. 2. Each member of my family does their own part of the housework. 3. It would be better if we shared all responsibilities equally at home. 4. I hate doing the cleaning and I was always forced to clean my room. 5. Having little time, I avoid doing some household chores. 6. Doing the household chores is a kind of relaxation for me. 7. I would love to have the cleaning done for me. Ответы: 326175 ТЕКСТ АУДИРОВАНИЯ: Speaker A: I'm very disappointed. My brother never helps our mum around the house. It annoys me very much, I think it's really irresponsible and unfair on his part. He is younger than me. So, I often have to do everything instead of him, which upsets me. I wish he was more responsible and disciplined and we shared all household chores equally and both helped our parents. Speaker B: I think it is very important when all family members share household chores equally. Fortunately, I can say that this is exactly what happens in our family. We constantly distribute responsibilities, for example, while dad goes to the supermarket to buy groceries, mum cooks, my brother helps with washing the dishes, and I dust the furniture and do the hoovering. We are very friendly and rarely quarrel. I would like it to be the same in all families. Speaker C: Doing household chores is a very important part of our life. I can tell those people who hate doing the cleaning that they just need to accept the fact that we can never get rid of doing it, we'd better enjoy the process. As for me, cleaning helps me relieve stress and anxiety. I often wash dishes and listen to music, dust the furniture and watch my favorite bloggers' videos at the same time. Speaker D: It may seem strange, but I often think that if you do not clean the house yourself, it ceases to be yours. I mean, this cozy home atmosphere disappears. I really love my room, and I always do the cleaning in it myself. My mother taught me to clean my room regularly. Somehow I liked it and, therefore, no one forced me to clean it after that. I did it of my own free will. Speaker E: Recently, I have been constantly thinking about whether it is possible to delegate all daily household chores to some technical devices. I really hate doing the cleaning, as I have absolutely no time and energy for it. I dream of having a robot assistant that could do everything instead of me. I know that there are dishwashers, robotic vacuum cleaners, but I would not mind having a robot that could help me with other household chores. Speaker F: Is it profitable in terms of time and resources to order ready-made meals from the store? As a young specialist, I spend a lot of time at work and don't have enough time to cook myself. My parents don't approve of this. My mum believes that nothing can replace homemade food, so it's better not to avoid doing your household chores. Unfortunately, I cannot agree with her on this point. УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 3 - Задание 10 (чтение) Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8 . Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Houses around the world 2. Different dwellings 3. High above the ground 4. Still reliable and popular 5. What is better to choose 6. What size it is 7. Not only advantages 8. Major differences A. The skyscraper is a very tall building, with a height of 150m or more. Now there are more than 5,000 such high-rise buildings in the world. Skyscrapers appeared in the second half of the 19th century in Chicago, and they were being built in the 20th century. In the 21st century skyscrapers have become an important part of the landscape of any city. While in the previous century the construction of almost any skyscraper attracted wide attention, today, in the 21st century, such buildings have already become commonplace. B. People who buy apartments in skyscrapers can enjoy an incredibly beautiful panoramic view from the window and light and spacious rooms inside. Also, being the owner of an apartment in a skyscraper is very prestigious. Nevertheless, according to some polls, there are people who would 't like to live in skyscrapers, as it takes a lot of time to wait for the lift to go up and down. Other people claim that children and elderly people are not recommended to live above the 10th floor, as this can negatively affect their health. C. People have always tried to get warmth and comfort in life. People of different nationalities have always built their own houses so that they could live comfortably in certain natural conditions. The forms of buildings and materials from which the houses were built were very diverse. For example, the wigwam, the home of the Indians, was built from twigs and covered with bark and pieces of cloth. Whereas the fale, the hut of the inhabitants of the island state of Samoa (South Pacific), had only a roof of coconut leaves and no walls. D. A villa and a cottage are quite different. The villa is a luxurious large country house intended for seasonal use. Villas are generally found in popular holiday destinations. Their distinctive feature is the presence of a garden with a pool or an artificial lake. Whereas a cottage is a simple small house, usually located in the suburbs. It generally consists of two or three rooms. Unlike villas, cottages are used for permanent residence. E. Igloos are the huts built by the Alaskan Eskimos. Dome-shaped and constructed from blocks of dense snow or ice, the igloo is still considered one of the most reliable and heat-resistant buildings. Inside the igloo, everything is covered with skins for keeping warm. Light enters the room directly through the snowy walls, while a tunnel dug in the snow serves as an entrance. Nowadays, there are competitions held among participants who try to build igloos from ice blocks as fast as possible. In Finland, there are some restaurants which look like igloos. F. Where is it better to live, in a house or in an apartment? This is a rather controversial choice. Some people will unequivocally answer you that they prefer living in their house, because it is spacious there. If the house has two or more floors, then each family member can have their own room or study. However, many people will say that an apartment is a preferable choice for them due to the fact that the apartment is easier to clean, and requires less maintenance and repair. G. It is believed that the size of a house in the UK is determined by the number of bedrooms. In some other countries, when asked about the size of housing, people name the area in square meters. Many people prefer living in large apartments and houses, since the large space leaves the choice of layout and allows you to have more freedom to arrange furniture and interior items. However, it is interesting that some people also like small-sized housing, because it seems compact and cosy to them. Ответы: 3728456 УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 4 - Задание 10 (чтение) Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8 . Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Past and present 2. The height and number of floors 3. Finding positive points 4. Unlike and unusual 5. Choice of design for your taste 6. Advantages of having your own space 7. Choosing dwelling 8. The types of houses to choose A. The most popular housing in England is a semi-detached house which consists of two houses with one common wall. In contrast, a terraced house is one in a chain of several houses connected together. Having two common walls with neighbors, it is less expensive than detached houses. One-storey bungalow houses are also popular, but they are located mostly in the countryside. The most prestigious and expensive type of housing in the UK is a detached house. There are also tower blocks in the UK, however, these are less prestigious type of housing. B. The British consider the first floor as the ground floor, the second is called the first, the third floor is the second, and so on. Thus, three-storey houses in the UK are actually considered two-storey houses. In the suburbs, one-storey and two-storey buildings are most common in Great Britain, while tower blocks are typical for towns and cities. For example, in London a large number of blocks of flats and skyscrapers over twenty storeys are being built. C. It is unlikely that someone will refuse to become the owner of a small colorful garden in the courtyard of a country house. In order to organise a garden, you need to take into account the climatic conditions, the relief of the site and choose a style. Some people like relaxing, others prefer taking care of plants, some choose to create alpine rocky hills in their garden and plant flowers, shrubs and conifers there. Everyone can choose the design to their liking. D. Are letterboxes a necessity in the modern world or a relic of the past? We live in a digital age, where email, messengers and video communication have replaced classic paper letters in envelopes. Thus, it may seem that letterboxes are no longer needed in houses, but this is not so. For example, we receive all official notifications and letters in these letterboxes. And in the US, not so long ago, small parcels and delivered goods from online stores could be put into letterboxes. E. Moving house is an important and responsible event in your life. It can be difficult both physically and mentally. Collecting things and moving out takes a lot of effort. Besides, many people experience stress as if they are homesick and cannot immediately adapt to the new environment. In order to cope with the stress, you need to be sure to notice some features in your new house that will give you positive emotions. For example, pay attention to a beautiful view from the window or a convenient layout. F. After leaving school, many students who entered a university face a choice of where to live. Many people choose to carry on living with their parents, especially those who have a good relationship with their parents would prefer to stay in a familiar and comfortable atmosphere at home. Others decide to move out and rent an apartment on their own or with friends. However, this option requires financial investments. Still others choose to move to another city and either become a tenant of a rented apartment there or move into a hall of residence with other students. G. Many teenagers say they don't like sharing a room with their siblings. Why do they want to have their own room in the house? First of all, your own room creates a sense of security, peace and quiet. Also, having your own space contributes to creative activity. Many teens like inviting friends into their room. It is also important that your room teaches you to take responsibility and do household chores regularly, and also allows you to learn how to organize the space, deciding where to put your things. Ответы: 8251376 УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 5 - Задания 19-25 (грамматика) Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25 , так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25. Commuters Bill is a commuter. Along with (19) MILLION of other residents of large cities, he leaves the outskirts of the city every morning and rushes to the city centre. It usually (20) TAKE him several hours to get to the office in the city center. Bill tells (21) OUR that it's not so easy to commute. He (22) COMMUTE for many years by train, but now he goes to work by car. Disadvantages of living in the city Many city residents complain about life in huge metropolises. They say that if they (23) LIVE in the countryside, they would be able to lead a healthier lifestyle. The (24) SERIOIUS drawbacks of a city life, they claim, are pollution and constant noise. They hope that with the development of technology, cities (25) BE able to solve this problem very soon. Ответы: 19- millions 20- takes 21-us 22- has been commuting 23- lived 24- most serious 25- will be УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 6 - Задания 19-24 (грамматика) Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24 , так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24. The problem of finding a job Not all people can find work at their place of residence as a lack of employment and career opportunities is typical for some towns. This is one of the (19) FREQUENTLY discussed issues. Some people note that they (20) LOOK for a job in their town for a long time, but still cannot find it there. However, online job offers (21) SOLVE/ALREADY this problem, at least partially. If people had a chance to earn money living in their towns, there (22) NOT BE so many people who are obliged to commute or move to another place in search of a job. Disadvantages of living in the city The neсessity to commute to work and back is perhaps the main drawback of living in the suburbs. Some people claim it takes (23) THEY on average about two hours to get to the office and then the same amount of time to get back. They wish they (24) LIVE closer to their offices so that there was no need to spend so much personal time travelling to work. Ответы: 19- most frequently 20- have been looking 21-have already solved 22- would not be 23- them 24- lived УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 7 - Задания 19-24 (грамматика) Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24 , так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24. Household chores Doing household chores together (19) ALWAYS BE a very important part of family life. If a person (20) NOT SHARE responsibilities at home, it can lead to a conflict. The (21) GOOD way to keep good relationships with your family members is to always help them do chores. So, (22) EVERY should remember what their responsibilities are. Money management Money gives (23) WE a lot of opportunities. People (24) HAVE a great deal of money usually have a greater range of options to choose where to study, travel, and live. Ответы: 19- has always been 20- does not share 21-best 22- everyone/everybody 23- us 24- having УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 8 – Задание 37 (письмо) You have received an email message from your English-speaking penfriend Michael: From: Michael@mail.uk To: Russian_friend@ege.ru Subject: Shopping ... As for me, I almost never go to the shops. I prefer shopping online instead. What about you? What do you like more: online or offline shopping? What are the advantages of online shopping? In what types of shops do you normally buy goods? By the way, I went to a music festival last week ... Write an email to Michael. In your message: — answer his questions; — ask 3 questions about the festival he went to. Write 100–140 words. УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 9 – Задание 1 (устная часть: чтение текста) Imagine you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out loud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. All people have different attitudes towards money management. Some of them are very careful with their money and are really economical. They try to save up for different purposes and often make a purchase only after they have accumulated a sufficient amount of money. On the contrary, there are other people who do not like saving up, as they believe that it is better to enjoy your life and not to deprive yourself of entertainment. Such people love buying new things, rarely save up, and often spend most of their salary soon after they receive it. People from the first group may find the behavior of people from the second group strange. They may consider buying a lot of new things, provided that the old things are not out of order, a waste of money. Money management is a very controversial issue, everyone has their own opinions and habits. That is why this issue can often cause conflicts between people which are not so easy to resolve. УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 10 – Задание 1 (устная часть: чтение текста) Imagine you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out loud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. There are several money management tips you can follow to save money. First of all, it can be useful to keep records of your expenses in electronic form or on paper but not in your memory. This will help you figure out how much money you earn and spend, as well as avoid buying unnecessary things. Some people say they prefer paying in cash as it helps them to spend less. They argue that when they do not see the money or hold it in their hands, it gets easier for them to part with it and, thus, they spend more money. It is also very important to remember that it is always good to have a certain amount of money saved up in case of some problems. According to some experts, it is useful to set aside 10% of your income in order to be able to spend it later in a situation when it is needed. Also, many people claim that it is much easier for them to save money when they have a specific goal. УПРАЖНЕНИЕ 11 – Задание 1 (устная часть: чтение текста) Imagine you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out loud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Everyone strives to choose where it is more convenient for them to live. Depending on the character and lifestyle, some people prefer living in a big city, while others choose a rural life. Most often, those who are more active and energetic, as well as full of enthusiasm to learn something new and want to get interesting life experiences, live in the city. Such people enjoy the benefits of urban life such as an active cultural life, job and career opportunities, and an extensive public transport network that allows them to quickly reach their destinations. On the contrary, calm and quiet people note that they are uncomfortable living in a big city, where there are such drawbacks as traffic congestion and overcrowding. They prefer living in a small town or village, where they don't need to spend a lot of time on the way to their workplace, where there is a good ecological situation and no overcrowding.

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Опубликовано: 30.10.2025